2018考博英语阅读理解：需掌握的50个重要词汇

　　41. institute 研究机构，(专门型)学院

　　According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending.

　　根据加拿大健康信息研究院的统计，自1997年以来，医疗保险总体开销中处方药成本在大幅上升。

　　42. institution 制度，机构，机制

　　He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independently of any institution.

　　他是那种与众不同者，作为一个独立于任何机构的科学家在工作。

　　There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.

　　存在一种大批量交易，就是机构用户付钱通过网站特许协议来解除大量的在线期刊。

　　The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.

　　研究机构的发现一致地表明，所有国家的劳动者都可以通过工作培训来获得生产率的根本提高，从而大幅提高生活水平。

　　The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the peculiar institution.

　　如果不保护南方各州的制度，他们当时就不会签署宪法。

　　It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.

　　人们可以说，对任何社会机价值的衡量在于其扩大并提示经验方面的效果，但这一效果并不属于这些机制的最初动机。

　　Malinowski regarded all institutions of a society as intrinsically linked to each other, and stressed that every social or cultural phenomenon ought to be studied in its full context.

　　马林诺夫斯基把所有社会机制看成是相互联系的，并强调应当将所有社会或文化现象放在其完整的社会情境中进行研究。

　　43. intellectual 知识分子，知识的

　　It is intellectuals, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.

　　反对知识的正是知识分子本身，而不是美国。

　　44. manuscript 手稿

　　When I set out to revise and update this book, the original manuscript was five years old.

　　当我在对这本书进行修改和更新时，最初的手稿已经存在五年之久了。

　　45. trait 特征

　　The trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated.

　　我们过高评估了关于才干的特征。

　　46. reference参考

　　In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meaning or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had.

　　事实上，你可以尝试对任何给定句子、图像或参考可以具有的意义或效果进行重建。

　　47. inference 推理

　　You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you.

　　你可以进行进一步推理，比如该文本对你具有何种重要性。

　　48. legacy 遗产

　　Morgan's legacy would also be acknowledged by many Marxist anthropologists.

　　摩根的遗产也会得到马克思主义人类学家的认可。

　　49. label 标签

　　Advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.

　　技术的发展使得诸如飒拉、HM以及优衣库这样的大众市场品牌能够对市场趋势快速反应，并更加准确地对需求进行预测。

　　50. vogue 流行

　　I shall then proceed to characterize the system now in vogue in Western civilization.

　　我将继续讲述西方文明中现在流行的体系特征。

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