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博士生入学考试英语写作部分之汉译英四

2014-02-21 16:14:41来源：网络

　　Passage4

　　正如所有的艺术家、设计家和工匠们会面临的那样，William Morris陷入了这样一种难题：如何为大众市场生产美好的东西同时又不至于使人因高价而不敢问津。Morris 痛恨应合他所谓的那种“富人的令人厌恶的奢侈。”但他唯一的解决方法只能是提倡结束资本主义制度。这在技术革新对工商业极为有利的时候(特别是在大规模生产领域)是一个不现实的目标。最终Morris不得不面对现实：他的拒绝使用机器和拒绝剥夺他那些心爱的男女工匠(他是一个了不起的女权主义斗士)们的技术，意味着他只能为上层阶级生产奢侈品。

　　Morris was caught up in the paradox that faces all artists, designers and craftworkers; how to make beautiful things for the mass market without incurring prohibitively high costs along the way. Morris hated the idea of pandering to what he called the "swinish luxury of the rich". But his only solution was to advocate the end of the capitalist system of production This was an unrealistic goal in an age when technological innovation -- especially in the area of mass-production - was economically advantageous to business. In the end, Morris hid to face reality; that his refusal to adopt the machine and de-skill his beloved craftsmen and women (he was a great champion of women's rights) meant that he could only produce luxury goods for the upper classes.

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