Every living thing has an inner biological clock that controls behavior. The clock works all the time; even when there are no outside signs to mark the passing of time. The biological clock tells plants when to form flowers and when the flowers should open. It tells insects when to leave the protective cocoon and fly a way. And it tells animals when to eat, sleep and wake. It controls body temperature, the release of some hormones and even dreams. These natural daily events are circadian rhythms.
Man has known about them for thousands of years. But the first scientific observation of circadian rhythms was not made until 1729. In that year French astronomer, Jean-Jacques d“Ortous de Mairan, noted that one of his plants opened it s leaves at the same time every morning, and closed them at the same time every night. The plant did this even when he kept it in a dark place all the time. Later scientists wondered about circadian rhythms in humans. They learned that man”s biological clock actually keeps time with a day of a little less than 25 hours instead of the 24 hours on a man-made clock. About four years ago an American doctor, Eliot Weitzman, established a laboratory to study how our biological clock works. The people in his experiments are shut off from the outside world. They are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms. Dr. Weitzman hopes his research will lead to effective treatments for common sleep problems and sleep disorders caused by ageing and mental illness. The laboratory is in the Monteflore Hospital in New York City. It has two living areas with three small rooms in each. The windows are covered, so no sunlight o r moonlight comes in. There are no radios or television receivers. There is a control room between the living areas. It contains computers, one-way cameras and other electronic devices for observing the person in the living area. The instruments measure heartbeat, body temperature, hormones in the blood, other substances in the urine and brain waves during sleep. A doctor or medical technician is on duty in the control room 24 hours a day during an experiment. They do not work the same time each day and are not permitted to wear watches, so the person in the experiment has no idea what time it is. In the first four years of research, Dr Weitzman and his assistant have observed 16 men between the ages of 21 and 80. The men remained in the laboratory for as long as six months. Last month, a science reporter for “The New York Times” newspaper, Dava Sobol, became the first woman to take part in the experiment. She entered the laboratory on June 13th and stayed for 25 days. Miss Sobol wrote reports about the experiment during that time, which were published in the newspaper.
1、The biological clock is believed to play an essential role in ____.
A、the regulation of body temperature
B、the secretion of hormones
C、animal reproduction
D、many aspects of plant and animal physiology
2、In his observation, the French scientist noticed that the leaves of a certain plant maintained its opening-and-closing cycles ____.
A、even when it was kept in a murky place all day
B、even if it was placed in the moonlight
C、even when he was observing it from a dark place
D、even during the night time
3、The sentence “They are free to listen to and live by their circadian rhythms.” (In Paragraph 4) probably means ____.
A、They can lead their daily lives according to their biological clocks, without referring to a man-made clock.
B、They can listen to the wonderful rhythms of the biological clock and live close to them.
C、They can live by regulating their own circadian rhythms.
D、They are free from the annoying rhythms of everyday life.
4、In the experiment conducted by Mr. Weitzman, the doctor who is on duty does not work the same time each day ____.
A、insgroupsto observe the abnormal behavior of the people at different times
B、so as not to be recognized by the people
C、so as to avoid indicating to the people what time it is when he starts work
D、so as to leave the people“s circadian rhythms in disorder
5、Miss Sobol left the laboratory ____.
A、on June 13th
B、on June 25th
C、at the end of June
D、on July 7th
Keys to Passage
D A A C D
2022考博精选好考,点击图片查看详情!
资料下载
【必看】考博英语词汇10000例精解
发布时间:2020-09-02关注新东方在线服务号
回复【10000】免费获取
医学考博英语作文核心基础词汇整理
发布时间:2020-04-15关注新东方在线服务号
回复【医学考博】获取
医学考博英语阅读理解练习资料
发布时间:2020-04-15关注新东方在线服务号
回复【医学考博】获取
法学考博英语高频词汇word版
发布时间:2020-04-15关注新东方在线服务号
回复【医学考博】获取
医学博士英语统考真题及解析
发布时间:2019-12-26关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博真题】获取
全国医学博士外语统一考试真题
发布时间:2019-12-26关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博真题】获取
中科院考博英语复习备考实战经验分享
发布时间:2019-12-26关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博经验】获取
中科院考博英语真题练习资料
发布时间:2019-12-26关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博真题】获取
关注新东方在线服务号
关注新东方在线服务号,
免费获取考博必看干货资料
推荐阅读
更多>>医学2023年考博英语医患对话交流的英语表达 考博英语是考博中重点考察的科目,想要更好的拿到高分成绩,对于同学来说,大家在实际的备考
2023年医学考博英语:食物中毒、上吐下泻 考博英语是考博中重点考察的科目,想要更好的拿到高分成绩,对于同学来说,大家在实际的备考中
2023年医学考博英语就诊常用英语口语 考博英语是考博中重点考察的科目,想要更好的拿到高分成绩,对于同学来说,大家在实际的备考中,需
2023年医学考博英语儿科( Pediatrics)英语专业词汇 考博英语是考博中重点考察的科目,想要更好的拿到高分成绩,对于同学来说,大家在
20223年考博英语内外科常用字汇 考博英语是考博中重点考察的科目,想要更好的拿到高分成绩,对于同学来说,大家在实际的备考中,需要更
考博好课推荐
更多>>1节课解读博士考试,掌握备考秘诀!
价格 : ¥0元
基础薄弱,备考迷茫,送纸质资料
价格 : ¥2280元
资深教师,教学简明,直接有效!
价格 : 0元
资料下载
更多>>关注新东方在线服务号
回复【10000】免费获取
关注新东方在线服务号
回复【医学考博】获取
关注新东方在线服务号
回复【医学考博】获取
关注新东方在线服务号
回复【医学考博】获取
关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博真题】获取
关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博真题】获取
关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博经验】获取
关注新东方在线服务号
回复【考博真题】获取
阅读排行榜
相关内容