考博英语阅读理解模拟练习（二）

　　How much pain do animals feel? This is a question which has caused endless

　　controversy. Opponents of big game shooting, for example, arouse our pity by

　　describing tile agonies of a badlywounded beast that has crawled into a comer

　　to die. In countries where the fox, the hare and the deer are hunted, animal-lovers paint harrowing pictures of the pursued animal suffering not only the

　　physical distress of the chase but the mental anguish of anticipated death.

　　The usual answer to these criticisms is that animals do not suffer in the same way, or to

　　the same extent, as we de. Man was created with a delicate nervous system and has never lost

　　his acute sensitiveness to pain; animals, on the other hand, had less sensitive systems to begin

　　with and in the course of millions of years, have developed a capacity of ignoring injuries and

　　disorders which human beings would find intolerable. For example, a dog will continue to play

　　with a ball even after a serious injury to his foot; he may be unable to run without limping, but he

　　will go on trying long after a human child would have had to stop because of the pain. We are told,

　　moreover, that even when animals appear to us to be suffering acutely, this is not so; what seems

　　to us to be agonized contortions caused by pain are in fact no more than muscular contractions

　　over which they have no control. These arguments are unsatisfactory because something about

　　which we know a great deal is being compared with something we can only conjecture. We

　　know what we feel; we have no means of knowing what animals feet. Some creatures with a

　　less delicate nervous system than ours may be incapable of feeling pain to the same extent as

　　we do: that as far as we are entitled to do, the most humane attitude, surely, is to assume that

　　no animals are entirely exempt from physical pain and that we ought, therefore, wherever

　　possible, to avoid causing suffering even to the least of them.

　　1. Animal-lovers assume that animals, being hunted, would suffer from ____.

　　A) a great deal of agony both in body and in spirit

　　B) mental distress once they are wounded

　　C) only body pains without feeling sad

　　D) crawling into the comer to die

　　2. Supporters of game shooting may argue that animals ______.

　　A) cannot control their muscular contractions

　　B) have developed a capacity of feeling no pain

　　C) are not as acutely sensitive as human beings to injuries

　　D) can endure all kinds of disorders

　　3. The author feels sure that _____.

　　A) animals don’t show suffering to us

　　B) dogs are more endurable than human children

　　C) we cannot know what animals feel

　　D) comparing animals with human beings is not appropriate

　　4. What is the author’s opinion about animal hunting?

　　A) We should feel the same as the hunted animals do.

　　B) We should protect and save all the animals.

　　C) We shouldn’t cause suffering to them.

　　D) We should take care of them if we can.

　　5. This passage seems to ____.

　　A) argue for something

　　B) explain something

　　C) tell a story

　　D) describe an object

　　文章大意：

　　文章第一段交代动物保护者的行为：他们通过描写或绘画展示受重伤动物的痛苦以博得同情，并说明动物确实能感到极大的精神和肉体的痛苦(anguish)。第二段是狩猎爱好者的观点：动物并不像人们想象的那样对痛苦非常敏感。第三段作者提出自己的观点：狩猎爱好者的辩解并不能令人满意，因为这些人只是猜测(conjecture) 动物的神经不如人敏感(delicate)。只要我们有权做(be entitled)，那么最人道的看法就是认为没有哪个动物会完全感觉不到(exempt from)痛苦，因此应该尽可能地避免给动物造成伤害，哪怕是最小的动物。

　　这是一篇议论文，先分别摆出两种对立的观点，后提出作者自己的观点：赞成动物保护者，并进行论证。

　　答案解析：

　　[1]A第一段第三句提到他们作画以揭示动物在被追赶时所遭受的肉体痛苦，同时还

　　忍受着死亡逼近的精神痛苦，故选[A]。

　　[2]C第二段第二句后半部分表示，动物们在开始时神经系统不敏感，随后在几百万年的

　　进化中发展了忽略疼痛和错乱的能力，而这种疼痛和错乱状态是人类无法忍受的，

　　故选[C]。

　　[3]B根据第三段第二句可知，应选[B]。

　　[4]C第三段最后一句表明人们的态度，即不应伤害动物，故选[C)o

　　[5]A文中用到了一些短语，如controversy，opponents of game shooting，animal-lovers，

　　answer to criticism，arguments，humane attitude is to assume等，都是表明立场和

　　观点的，即本文是议论文。应选[A]。

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