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2022年医学考博英语阅读理解练习 (2)

2022-01-09 07:09:00来源：网络

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　　Why does your body clock change with age?

　　As we age, so do our body clocks. Doctor Russell Foster tells us why.

　　Everybody has what is known as a chronotype, which determines what time of

　　day we are most alert. This is set by a part of the brain called the

　　suprachiasmatic nucleus, which acts as our ‘body clock’ sets our

　　daily rhythm. It is known to vary depending on gender age.

　　Recent research suggests that our hormone levels may help explain this

　　change. Testosterone, which rises sharply in teenage boys declines as men

　　grow older, has been shown in animal studies to impact on the ‘body

　　clock’. This might explain teenagers’ generally later chronotype compared to

　　adults.

　　Similarly, the hormone changes that occur as we age may explain why we are

　　more likely to wake up earlier as we get older..

　　For most of us, however, the timing of our working day stays roughly the

　　same throughout our entire lives. So what can we do to help us cope with the

　　inevitable disconnect between our chronotype our daily routine?

　　In some schools, experimental timetables, designed to fit teenagers’

　　chronotype, are being trialled. By starting classes at lunchtime finishing

　　late, some early indications from Hampton Court House Sixth Form are that pupils

　　are more productive.

　　For most of us, shifting our work day in this way is simply not possible.

　　However, there are ways to encourage our body clock to be more closely aligned

　　with our daily routine. These include:

　　Your body clock is re-set by light, so make sure you’re exposed to natural

　　daylight as soon as you can in the morning.

　　Keep getting up at the same time every day, even on weekends.

　　In the hour before bed, avoid screens such as phones, laptops

　　tablets.

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