清华大学2007年考博英语真题

　　Part Vocabulary (10%)

　　Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one that completes the sentence or is nearest in meaning with the underlined word. And then mark the corresponding letter in the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

　　36. The building collapsed because its foundation was not strong enough to the weight of the building.

　　A. subside B. idealize C. initiate D. sustain

　　37. The actress was very at the insulting question raised by her opponent at the conference.

　　A. extraterrestrial B. explicit C. indignant D. innovative

　　38. It is known to all that children in this region have strong to swimming in summer because of the hot weather.

　　A. inclination B. exposure C. flux D. correlation

　　39. The torch was by a famous athlete at the opening of the sport meeting.

　　A. implement B. deceive C. exemplify D. ignited

　　40. These samples have to be in certain kind of chemical water in order to protect them.

　　A. immersed B. crisped C. armored D. arrayed

　　41. Her talk at the seminar clearly from the topic the supervisor expected in the field of sociology.

　　A. alternated B. amplified C. designated D. diverged

　　42. Three years before he returned home from the United States.

　　A. denoted B. destined C. elapsed D. enveloped

　　43. A plan needs to be considered and accepted so as to lower the prices in these cities.

　　A. deliberate B. disincentive C. functional D. fantastic

　　44. Sometimes in drawing and designing the sign X the unknown number.

　　A. facilitates B. fascinates C. denotes D. jots

　　45. The speaker was very much by rude words and behavior of the audience in the hall.

　　A. jerked B. incensed C. laced D. limped

　　46. The two countries have developed a relation and increased a great deal in foreign trade.

　　A. managerial B. lethal C. metric D. cordial

　　47. The doctor’s was that she should go and see the specialist in this field.

　　A. constraint B. counsel C. coherence D. consciousness

　　48. The United Nation Law of the Sea Conference would soon produce an ocean-mining treaty following its declaration in 1970 that oceans were the heritage of mankind.

　　A. unanimous B. abstract C. autonomous D. almighty

　　49. They need to move to new and large apartments. Do you know of any ones in this area?

　　A. evacuated B. empty C. vacant D. vacate

　　50. The bad and damp weather in the hot area would enable the plants to get quickly.

　　A. decomposed B. denounced C. detached D. deduced

　　51. The government decided to take a(n) action to strengthen the marker management.

　　A. diverse B. durable C. epidemic D. drastic

　　52. The local residents were unhappy about the curfew in this region and decided to it.

　　A. disgrace B. disguise C. defy D. distress

　　53. They admitted that they shared the same on the matter.

　　A. potentiality B. sentiment C. postscript D. subscription

　　54. We cannot be with him due to his misbehavior at the meeting yesterday.

　　A. pecked B. reconciled C. perturbed D. presumed

　　55. Bad traveling conditions had seriously their progress to their destination in that region.

　　A. tugged B. demolished C. hampered D. destroyed

　　Part IV Cloze (10%)

　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Sea rise as a consequence of global warming would immediately threaten that large fraction of the globe living at the sea level. Nearly one-third of all human beings live within 36 miles of a coastline. Most of the world’s great seaport cities would be 56 : New Orleans, Amsterdam, Shanghai, and Cairo. Some countries — Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, islands in the Pacific — would be inundated. Heavily populated coastal areas such as in Bangladesh and Egypt, 57 large populations occupy low-lying areas，would suffer extreme 58 . Warmer oceans would spawn stronger hurricanes and typhoons, 59 in coastal flooding, possibly swamping valuable agricultural lands around the world. 60 water quality may result as 61 flooding which forces salt water into coastal irrigation and drinking water supplies, and irreplaceable, natural 62 could be flooded with ocean water, destroying forever many of the 63 plant and animal species living there.

　　Food supplies and forests would be 64 affected. Changes in rainfall patterns would disrupt agriculture. Warmer temperatures would 65 grain-growing regions pole-wards. The wanning would also increase and change the pest plants, such as weeds and the insects 66 the crops. Human health would also be affected. Warming could 67 tropical climate bringing with it yellow fever, malaria, and other diseases. Heat stress and heat mortality could rise. The harmful 68 of localized urban air pollution would very likely be more serious in warmer 69 . There will be some70 from warming. New sea-lanes will open in the Arctic, longer growing seasons further north will 71 new agricultural lands, and warmer temperature will make some of today’s colder regions more72 . But these benefits will be in individual areas. The natural systems 一 both plant and animal — will be less able than man to cope and 73 . Any change of temperature, rainfall, and sea level of the magnitude now 74 will be destructive to natural systems and living things and hence to man as well.The list of possible consequences of global warming suggests very clearly that we must do everything we can now to understand its causes and effects and to take all measures possible to prevent and adapt to potential and inevitable disruptions 75 by global wanning.

　　56. A. ascended B. assaulted C. erased D. endangered

　　57. A. which B. where C. when D. what

　　58. A. dislocation B. discontent C. distribution D. distinction

　　59. A. rebuking B. rambling C. resulting D. rallying

　　60. A. Increased B. Reduced C. Expanded D. Saddened

　　61. A. inland B. coastal C. urban D. suburban

　　62. A. dry-land B. mountain C. wetlands D. forest

　　63. A. unique B. precious C. interesting D. exciting

　　64. A. geologically B. adversely C. secretively D. serially

　　65. A. shift B. generate C. grease D. fuse

　　66. A. hiking B. hugging C. attacking D. activating

　　67. A. endanger B. accommodate C. adhere D. enlarge

　　68. A. profits B. values C. effects D. interests

　　69. A. conditions B. accommodation C. surroundings D. evolution

　　70. A. adjustments B. benefits C. adoptions D. profits

　　71. A. alternate B. abuse C. advocate D. create

　　72. A. accidental B. habitable C. anniversary D. ambient

　　73. A. adapt B. alleviate C. agitate D. assert

　　74. A. ascertained B. conformed C. consoled D. anticipated

　　75. A. tutored B. relayed C. triggered D. reflected

　　Part V Translation from English into Chinese (10%)

　　Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese, and then write it on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　Understanding this transition requires a look at the two-sided connection between energy and human well-being. Energy contributes positively to well-being by providing such consumer services as heating and lighting as well as serving as a necessary input to economic production. But the costs of energy — including not only the money and other resources devoted to obtaining and exploiting it, but also environmental and sociopolitical impacts — detract from well-being.

　　For most of human history, the dominant concerns about energy have centered on the benefit side of the energy-well-being equation. Inadequacy of energy resources or more often of the technologies and organizations for harvesting, converting, and distributing those resources has meant insufficient energy benefits and hence inconvenience, deprivation and constraints on growth. The 1970’s，then, represented a turning point. After decades of constancy or decline in monetary costs — and of relegation of environmental and sociopolitical costs to secondary status — energy was seen to be getting costlier in all respects. It began to be probable that excessive energy costs could pose threats on insufficient supply. It also became possible to think that expanding some forms of energy supply could create costs exceeding the benefits.

　　Part VI Writing (15%)

　　Directions: You are asked to write in no less than 200 words about the title of Harmful Plagiarism in Academic Field in China. You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below. Remember to write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET，

　　目前在学术界出现了剽窃和抄袭等不良现象。作为一名未来的博士研究生，你如何看待这些现象，你认为应该如何制止，以及你应该如何从自身做起。

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