四川大学考博英语真题回顾

Vocabulary
1.dugout n.　棒球场边供球员休息的地方
2.pitcher n.　投手
3.symphony n.　交响乐
4.chamber n.　室内
5.contemplate vt.沉思，注视

　　长难句解析
①【解析】此句的主干是“Baseball…means…watching…”，其中“infunny tight outfits”用来修饰“grown men”,“standing…”和“staring”用来做“grownmen”的定语。
　　【译文】对于他们来说，棒球就是在无聊的几个小时中几个身着紧身衣的大人伫立在场地周围没事可做地东张西望。
②【解析】这是一个复合句，“goesup…”，“flexes…”“takes…”，“glances…”做“thethird baseman”的并列谓语。
　　【译文】但每当投球手掷出球的那一瞬间，你再看吧，三垒运动员脚尖点地，屈臂或把接球手套直指前方，左右移动步伐，或前或后，或许他还要越过场地盯着一垒球手的动作。

　　答案与详解
　　【短文大意】本文主要讲述垒球的特征及欣赏。
1.D主旨题。文章第一段简述了人们对垒球所持的偏见——认为它毫无活力、从容和缓，不像橄榄球那样高潮迭起、令人激动。文章的第二、三、四、五段探讨了垒球的根本特征及欣赏角度，文章的最后一句话用一个比喻概括了垒球的魅力：“如果橄榄球是一曲交响乐的话，那么，垒球中所表现出来的运动恰似一曲优美的室内乐。”可见，本文主要探讨的是垒球的特点及其欣赏。A不对，第一段也确实提到了不同观众对不同运动形式的偏好，但这只是用以引出对垒球的特征及欣赏的讨论。
2.C细节题。文章第一段指出：许多人不喜欢垒球，一提起垒球这些人就打哈欠甚至皱眉头。对他们来说，看垒球意味着眼巴巴地观望着身着运动装(outfit)的人呆立在球场上，东瞧瞧西望望，很少有什么(激动人心的)事发生——没意思透了。他们认为这样的运动更适合上个世纪的人的口味，不像橄榄球那样充满活力。A意为：“它只适合老年人的口味。”注意：原文说的是适合上个世纪的人的口味，二者意味不一样。D意为：“它矫揉造作、滑稽可笑。”这与说它gentlemanly(具有绅士风度，矜持，即：没有冲撞或拼抢)不一样。
3.B推断题。第三段指出，在电视上，垒球运动被切换成不同角度的画面，而且不断地使用重放、特写等电视制作技术，这破坏了该运动的整体运动感，使观众无法将自己投入(project)到运动中去，以体会到这种寓动于静的运动之美。电视做不到这一点(TheTV won’t do it for you)，因此，电视上的垒球比赛看上去(seems)孤孤单单、冷冷清清、沉沉静静、慢慢腾腾。C、D不对，作者仅指出了不同运动有不同运动的特征，并未说哪种运动优于哪种。参阅文章最后一句。
4.B推断题。第四段整个都在描述垒球场上的一个场景：拿三垒的运动员假设对方全投出好球，作好了一切准备，但是对方投出的并不是好球。所以在那时候他的准备做不做都不会影响比赛结果。他说本来可以闭上眼睛，意思就是B项所写的。A、C、D都不符合作者的意图。这道题需要完整地了解第四段内容才能作好选择。
5.D推断题。在本文中，作者主要探讨了垒球的特征及欣赏，作者着重指出的是：只有根据垒球的特征来欣赏它，才能体会到它的魅力。在他看来，观察到垒球比赛中运动员的各种动作、垒球位之间的关系等是欣赏它的关键(第三段第二句)。只有从整体来把握它，才能看到每一个小的动作、每一个眼神乃至于“静止”的意义，也只有这样，才能全身心地投入比赛中，欣赏到它的魅力。可见，作者对垒球有很深的理解而且非常喜爱垒球。主要参考第三、四、五段。
Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age were H.A.W.Taborand his second wife,Elizabeth McCourt,better known as “Baby Doe”.Their historyis fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West.Horace Austin Warner Taborwas a school teacher in Vermont.With his first wife and two children he leftVermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas.Perhaps he did not findfarming to his liking,or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be madein Colorado mines.At any rate,a few years later he moved west to the smallColorado mining camp known as California Gulch,which he later renamed Leadvillewhen he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to befound here.”he said.

Asit turned out,it was silver,not lead,that was to make Leadville’s fortune andwealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself,so he opened a generalstore,which sold everything from boots to salt,flour,and tobacco.『It washis custom to “grubstake” prospective miners,in other words,to supply them withfood and supplies,or “grub”, while they looked for ore,in return for which hewould get a share in the mine if one was discovered.』①Hedid this for a number of years,but no one that he aided ever found anything ofvalue.

Finallyone day in the year 1878,so the story goes,two miners came in and asked for“grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too muchmoney that way.These were persistent, however,and Tabor was too busy to arguewith them. “Oh help yourself.One more time won’t make any difference,” He saidand went on selling shoes and hats to other customers.the two miners took $17worth of supplies,in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest intheir findings.They picked a barren place on the mountainside and began todig.After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver.Tabor bought the sharesof the other two men,and so the mine belonged to him alone.This mine,known asthe “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17investment.

LaterTabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside thetown for $117 000.This turned out to be even more fabulous than thePittsburgh,yielding $35 000 worth of silver per day at one time.Leadvillegrew.Tabor became its first mayor,and later became lieutenant governor of thestate.

1.Leadvillegot its name for the following reasons EXCEPT.
A.becauseTabor became its leading citizen
B.becausegreat deposits of lead is expected to be found there
C.becauseit could bring good fortune to Tabor
D.becauseit was renamed

2.Theword “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means.
A.tosupply miners with food and supplies
B.toopen a general store
C.todo one’s contribution to the development of the mine
D.tosupply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine,ifone was discovered

3.Tabormade his first fortune.
A.bysupplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest inthe findings
B.becausehe was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplying
C.bybuying the shares of the other
D.asa land speculator

4.The underlying reason for Tabor’s life career is.
A.purely accidental
B.based on the analysis of miner’s being very poor and their possibility ofdiscovering profitable mining site
C.through the help from his second wife
D.he planned well and accomplished targets step by step

5.Ifthis passage is the first part of an article,who might be introduced in thefollowing part?
A.Tabor’slife.
B.Tabor’ssecond wife,Elizabeth McCourt.
C.Othercolorful characters.
D.Tabor’sother careers.

Vocabulary
1.barrenadj. 贫瘠的
2.fabulousadj. 神话般的，难以置信的
3.lurevt.诱惑，引诱
4.depositn.沉淀，储蓄
5.grubstakev.下注

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