上海交通大学1999年秋季英语博士生入学考试题（二）

o look after, who does not enjoy reading because she has not had much of an education, and who is intelligent enough to find neighbourly chit-chat boring, should carry the pursuit of microscopic specks of dust to the point of fanaticism in an attempt to fill hours and salvage her self-respect. My parents had not even the status-seeking impetus to send me to university that Joe's had; my mother wanted me to be `a nice quiet person who wouldn't be noticed in a crowd', and it was feared that university education results in ingratitude (independence)..

　　It is constantly niggling not only to be doing jobs that require so little; valuable effort, but also jobs which are mainly concerned with simply keeping level with natural processes--cleaning jobs, whether of objects or people. which once done are not done for good, and will have to be done all over again, just as if I have not alreadv made the effort; the next day, or even within a few hours. There is something so negative about this role that society heaps entirely un to the shoulders of women. flat of making sure that things do not get dirty, and people do not get unhealthy. I want to believe in health as something basic, neutral, to assume that all the essentials are cared for, or at least will not magnify themselves into a full-time occupation.

　　Can you imagine what would happen to a man who was suddenly uprooted from a job in which he placed the meaning of his life, and delegated to a mindless task, in performing which he was also cut off fairly completely from the people who shared his interests'? I think more of the men I know would disintegrate completely.

　　9l . 'The writer attributes her attitude towards housework to

　　A) her rejection of her parents' old-fashioned standards

　　B) her determination to avoid her mother's mistakes

　　C) her inherited feelings of duty and resentment

　　D) her spoil upbringing as an only child

　　92. The writer's parents reacted to a slovenly appearance by .._.._._.

　　A) criticising the offender bitterly

　　B) stressing the social importance of cleanliness C) making sarcastic comments about the matter D) expressing a sense: of moral indignation

　　93. It scems to the wrik r that some suburban houscwivcs may A) engage in tedious gossip merely to pass file time

　　B) allow routine tasks to become cut obsession

　　C) come to regret their lack of a proper education D) come to find housework a fulfilling occupation 94. Her parents didn't encourage her to go to unnrisity because they thought A) she wouldn't appreciate the sacrifice it would invohr

　　B) she might feel intellectually superior to them

　　C) higher education wasn't suitable for a housewife D) it might change her relationship with them

　　95. She objects to her role because it is so A) undemanding

　　13) unimportant C) unpleasant D) unproductive

　　Passage: Six

　　How many hypochondriacs (9~ fl1=4-J1,r!. -111) are there? Can anybody- in the great social science industry tell me? Even to the nearest ten thousand?

　　I doubt it, and I think I know why. The trouble about being a hypochondriac (and I speak from a lifetime of practice) is that you feel silly-.

　　qty rational mind tells me that, just because the cut on my forger has been throbbing for two days, I am unlikely to die of gangrene; but in a hypochondrraacl mood I can sec the gangrene creeping up my arm as my finger turns black. My hypochondria is fed, in constant doses, by half the scientific knowledge I need, and twice the imagination. I know enough anatomy to identity the twitch in my chest as the first spasm of coronary llirombosis(ie-ilkO U.K tylrr'' Ti~), and to point to my duodenum (+-4V_*) with the authority of a second-year medical student.

　　()f course, like many hypochondriacs. I er~joy (not exactly the word) sound health. My fat mc&al file contanu very Wile of substance. though there is a fine selection of nrgatirv barium meal tests. In fact, the only Spell I cvrr had in hospital took place when I actually- had something. 1Lhat I thought was a cold turned out to be pneumonia. So much for my diagnostic accuracy.

　　Ilypochondria lies between the rational self which says, `Nonsense, you're fine,' and the deeply pessimistic self, which fingers a swelling discovered under the jaw as you shave and converts it into the first lump of a fatal cancer of the lymph gland.

　　'llicse feelings are embarrassing enough but they are made worse by the brisk treatment I get from the many overt anti-hypochondriacs about: people like wives or editors, who say, `Get up! There's nothing wrong with you', or `Never seen you looking better, old boy', when the first stages of a brain tumour have begun to paralyse my left aim.

　　Such persons know nothing. They are capable of astonishing, acts of self fiargetfulncm. They walk about with lips so chapped that a penny could fit in the cracks. 'Ilicy go so far as to forget to take medicine prescribed for them. For these creatures of the light, die world is a simple place. You are either well or sick and that's that, categories, which admit of no confusion. 'if you are ill,' anti-hypochondriacs say, `you

　　ought to go to bed and stop moping.' They remind me of the story told of the economist, Keynes, a'ld his Russian ballerina wife, staring silently into the fire. Keynes asked, `What are you thinking, my dear?' She replied, `Nothing.' And he said, `I wish I could do that.'

　　There is not much comfort to be had from other hypochondriacs, either. I had lunch once with a distinguished writer whom I very much wanted to impress. H greeted me with the words, `Please excuse the condition of my nose.' During the next few minutes, fascinated but trying not to be caught staring, I established two things: fast, that he had a small inflammation by his right nostril, and second, that he was a fellowhypochondriac. The combination meant that I could have been three other people for all he cared. As we parted, he again apologised about his nose. I was furious.

　　96. The author suggests that the exact number of hypochondriacs is not known hccause hypochondriacs

　　a) are not taken seriously by social scientists

　　B) feet too embarrassed about their fears to admit them C) don't take their fears seriously enough to discuss them D) are aware that they represent a tiny minority

　　97. The author describes how his own hypochondria can be set off by A) reading articles in medical journals

　　B) noticing unusual physical sensations C) studying his personal medical files

　　D) asking for advice from student doctors 98. The author's medical history suggests that A) he has never had any serious illnesses

　　I3) his diagnoses have sometimes proved correct C) he has had very few medical examinations D) most of his fears have proved groundless

　　99. Anti-hypochondriacs are described as people who A) pay no attention to minor ailments

　　ls) don't accept that people get ill

　　C) have little faith in the medical profession D) smile chcetfully however ill they are

　　100. The author recogoiscd a fellow-hypochondriac by the I'M that a) the conversation centered around the writer's health

　　B) the writer was so sympathetic towards him C) a minor complaint so concerned the writer D) the writer seemed to want attention from more people

　　Part If. Writing (25 points)

　　' ccfogs: In this part, you are required to write a composition of at ]cast 300 words on the topic: "The Relationship Thai Exists Bclwvcn Humans and Nature." Remember you should write your composition on the Answer Sheet.

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