清华大学2002年考博英语真题及答案解析

　　58. C 文章的最后一句“Her Kent accent doubtless made Midlands people feel that she put on airs.” put on airs意思是“装腔作势”，由于Lydia有口音，所以当地人认为她装腔作势。C的意思“一个傲慢的女人”符合原意。

　　59. B 文章第一段第三行有这样一句话“Arthur's job as a miner had taken them where the best-paid work had been during the boom years of the 1870s.”它是说，在19世纪80年代的经济繁荣时期，Arthur不停换地方工作是因为他在不停的寻找待遇最好的地方工作，由于他换地方工作，整个家庭也就跟着他不停搬迁。A也是说要跟随Arthur到处找工作，但是最后是说在经济萧条时期，与原文不符，所以B最符合文章原意。

　　60. D 从文章的第一句“D. H. Lawrence was the fourth child of Arthur Lawrence and Lydia Beardsall, and their first to have been born in Eastwood.”可以看出，D. H. Lawrence是这个家庭的第四个孩子，所以D显然是错误的。

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　　Part Ⅳ Cloze (10%)

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　　61. B narrate...as...”被描述为…。这句话的意思是：在过去的400年里，美国黑人的历史被传统地描述为是对漠然和压迫的不断斗争。其他选项的搭配不对，故选B。

　　62. D “oppression”镇压，压迫。句子意思参见上题。

　　63. C “charted as...”引导一个定语从句。

　　64. A 应选表示趋向的动词“progress”(前进，进步)，用进行时态。

　　65. A “of oneself”本身。因为主语是“technology”，所以应选“of itself”。

　　66. C 根据就近原则，谓语动词应与主语“fiber optics”保持一致，所以选用单数形式“has”。

　　67. C 这里明显应填入一个形容词，四个词中只有“entire”是形容词，所以选C。

　　68. D 这句话的意思是：一些工具被用在工作方面。“put sth. at work”把某物用在工作方面。所以答案是D。

　　69. A “design sth. for the purpose”为这种目的而设计某物。其他搭配不符合文章意思，所以选A。

　　70. B 正确的用法是“try to do sth.”所以首先排除C、D。“accomplish”完成。“envelop”包封，遮盖，包围。根据文意，这里应填的意思是完成任务，所以选B，不选A。

　　71. D 显然这里要添入一个分词做伴随状语，首先排除B、C。又因为这里是主动语态，故排除A选D。

　　72. A 由文章的意思，这里应填“从文艺复兴开始”，所以选A“since”。

　　73. B 运用“is second only to(仅次于)”。

　　74. D by是介词，后应该跟动词ing形式，只有D选项满足这个要求。

　　75. A 用完成时have encountered。

　　76. C 这里应填反身代词，首先排除A、B。又根据句意，应是“他们自己”，所以选C。

　　77. D “exclude...from...”排除在…之外。又根据句意，这里应用被动语态，所以选D。

　　78. B 这是个定语从句，可以看出从句部分缺少主语，所以应选“that”。

　　79. D served适合[用，宜]于(祖先)，用过去时。

　　80. C 注意这里不能用虚拟语气，用一般条件句。

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　　Part Ⅴ Short Answer Questions

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　　81. Their number declined.

　　82. the rise of the combination company.

　　83. Because there was no adequate support.

　　84. railway system.

　　85. Because he took an early combination company on tour.

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　　Part Ⅵ Writing

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　　I think it is necessary for Ph. D candidates to take an admission interview. It is essential because university professors will be able to meet their candidates in person, and ask some academic questions and inquire research work the candidates are doing or have finished more thoroughly. For example, professors will have the time and chance to listen to candidates talking about their research achievements and academic interests directly and discuss questions more deeply. Sometimes the written form of examination cannot reveal candidates’ real talents. It cannot show how well candidates could express themselves verbally and how deeply they could think about certain research problems. Through interviews, however, professors are easy to find out the answers they care for. Besides, it is also beneficial for Ph. D candidates to take an admission interview. They will have a chance to make professors understand them better. 

　　During the interview, I think Ph. D candidates should pay attention to the following points. First they should be well prepared academically. That means they should be ready to answer all the important questions concerning their research. Second they should express themselves clearly and orderly. Third they should pay enough attention to their behaviors and attitudes, that is, they should neither too arrogant nor too humble.

　　As far as I am concerned, I will get academically ready first, and then be relaxed to answer all the questions. I will also dress up and behave properly. I do believe that so long as I make good preparations, I will perform well in the interview.

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　　SCRIPT

　　Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension

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　　Section A

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　　Directions: You will hear a news story about the explosion of the World Trade Center in New York City. Listen to it and fill out the table with the information you've heard for questions 1—5. Some of the information has been given to you in a table. Write no more than 3 words in each numbered box. You will hear the recording only once.

　　On February 26th, 1993, a giant explosion shook the World Trade Center. One minute later, smoke began to fill the stairways, halls, and offices. All power and emergency systems were knocked out. There were no lights, no elevators, and no electricity. Over 50,000 people were working in the building at the time.

　　It was 12:18 on a typical workday. People were making business calls, writing reports, or attending business meetings. Many were on their lunch break and were eating in one of the building s cafeterias. Also, thousands of people were visiting the building. Some were standing on the observation floor. Others were eating lunch at Windows on the World, an expensive restaurant on the top floor.

　　The bomb exploded in the basement area. One woman was getting out of her car in the parking garage. It blew off her shoes. A man was waiting for the train. It blew off his hat. A secretary was typing at her desk. She fell through the floor sitting in her chair. In the building, people were not sure what to do. Smoke was coming up the stairs and into the offices. Was the building on fire? Should they stay in their offices? Should they start to walk down the stairs?

　　Most people decided to walk. There were no lights on the stairways and people were falling and tripping. Everyone was coughing because of the heavy smoke. But most people were calm. Some people counted steps. Some people sang. Over 60,000 workers walked down the stairs that day, some from the 80th, 90th, and 100th floors. For people on the top floors, the walk down took two or more hours.

　　As people left the building, emergency workers were waiting with oxygen, warm drinks, and blankets. Some people said they would never go back into the building. They said, “I just can't go back up there. Not now, not ever.” But others were ready to go back to work again soon. They said, “It happened. It's over.”

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