2005年上海交大考博英语真题

passage 2

Have you switch offyour compter? How about your television? Your video? Your CD player? And evenyour coffee percolator? Really switched them off,not just pressed the button onsome conrtol panel and left your machine with a telltale bright red lightwarning you that it is ready to jump back to life at your command?

Because if youhaven’t,you are one of the guilty people who help pollute the planet.It does’tmatter if you’ve joined the neighborhood recycling scheme,conscientiouslysorted your garbage and avoided driving to work.You still can’t sleep easywhile just one of those little red lights is glowing in the dark.

The awful truth isthat household and office electrical appliances left on stand-by mode aregobbling up energy,even though they are doing absolutely nothing.Some electronicproducts-----such as CD players----can use almost as much energy on stand-by asthey do when running.Others may use a lot less,but as your video player spendfar more hours on stand-by than playing anything,the wastage soon adds up.

In the US.alone,idleelectronic devices consume enough energy to power cities with the energy needsof Chicago or London----costing consumers around ＄1billion a year.Power stations fill the atmosphere with carbon dioxide just todo absolutely nothing.

Thoughtless designis partly responseble for the waste.But manufactures only get away withdesinging products that waste energy this way because consumers are notsensitive enough to the issue,indeed,while recycling has caught the publicimagination ,reducing waste has attracted much less attention.

But “sourcereduction”,as the garbage experts like to call the art of not using what youdon’t need to use,offers enormous potential for reducing waste of allkinds.With a little intelligent shopping,you can cut waste long before youreach the end of the chain.

Packaging remainsthe big villain.One of the hidden consequences of buying products grown or madeall around the world,rather than produced locally,is the huge amount ofpackaging.To help cut the waste and encourage intelligent manufacturersthe simplest trick is to look for ultra-light package.

The same argumentsapply to the very light but strong plastic bottles that are replacing heavierglass alternatives,thin-walled aluminum cans,and cartons made of compositesthat wrap up anything drinkable in an ultra-light package.

There are hundredsof other tricks you can discuss with colleagues while gathering around the proverbialwater cooler—filling up,naturally,your own mug rather than a disposable plasticcup.But you don’t need to go as far as one website which tells you how to giveyour friends unwrapped Christmas presents.There are limits to sourcecorrectness.

66. Fron the first twoparagraphs,the author implies that______

A.hitch has made life easy everywhere

B.nobody seems to be innocent in pollutingthe planet

C.recycling can potentially controlenvironmental deterioration

D.everybody is joining the global battleagainst pollution in one way or another

67.The waste caused by household and officeelectrical appliances on stand-by mode seems to_____

A.be a long-standing indoor problem B.cause nothing but trouble

C.get exaggerated D.go unnoticed

68.By idle electronic devices,the author means those appliances_____

A.left on stand-by mode

B.filling the atmosphere with carbon dioxide

C.used by those who are mot energy-conscious

D.used by those whose words spesk louder thanactions

69.Ultra-light packaging______

A.is expected to reduce American waste buone-third

B.is an illustration of what is called“source reduction”

C.can make both manufacturers and consumersintelligent

D.is a villain of what the garnage expertscall “source reduction”

70.The conclusion the author istrying to draw is that______

A.one person cannot win the battle againstpollution

B.anybody can pick up tricks of environmentalprotection on the web

C.noybody can be absolutely right in all thetricks of environmental protection

D.anybody can present or learn a trick ofcutting down what is not needed

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